# PD-1 and PD-L1 are more highly expressed in high-grade bladder cancer than in low-grade cases: PD-L1 might function as a mediator of stage progression in bladder cancer

**Type:** Papers  
**Canonical URL:** https://scholariq.org/papers/pd-1-and-pd-l1-are-more-highly-expressed-in-high-grade-bladder-cancer-than-in/

## Facts

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Author Names | Takashi Kawahara,Yukari Ishiguro,Shinji Ohtake,Ikuma Kato,Yusuke Ito,Hiroki Ito,Kazuhide Makiyama,Keiichi Kondo,Yasuhide Miyoshi,Yasushi Yumura,Narihiko Hayashi,Hisashi Hasumi,Kimito Osaka,Kentaro Muraoka,Koji Izumi,Jun‐ichi Teranishi,Hiroji Uemura,Masahiro Yao,Noboru Nakaigawa |
| Citations | 60 |
| DOI | 10.1186/s12894-018-0414-8 |
| Fields | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine |
| Open Access | true |
| OA Status | gold |
| OA URL | https://bmcurol.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12894-018-0414-8 |
| OpenAlex ID | https://openalex.org/W2900317915 |
| PMID | 30400941 |
| Type | article |
| Year | 2018 |

## Paper authors

- [Kazuhide Makiyama](https://scholariq.org/researchers/kazuhide-makiyama/)

## Paper primary topic

- [Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers](https://scholariq.org/topics/cancer-immunotherapy-and-biomarkers/)

## Paper topics

- [Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers](https://scholariq.org/topics/cancer-immunotherapy-and-biomarkers/)
- [Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments](https://scholariq.org/topics/bladder-and-urothelial-cancer-treatments/)
- [Heat shock proteins research](https://scholariq.org/topics/heat-shock-proteins-research/)

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Source: ScholarIQ — public research metadata, principally OpenAlex. See https://scholariq.org/sources/ for provenance and https://scholariq.org/methodology/ for what these figures mean.