# Waterpipe smoking: Construction and validation of the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale (LWDS-11)

**Type:** Papers  
**Canonical URL:** https://scholariq.org/papers/waterpipe-smoking-construction-and-validation-of-the-lebanon-waterpipe/

## Facts

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Author Names | Pascale Salameh,Mirna Waked,Zeina Aoun Bacha |
| Citations | 178 |
| DOI | 10.1080/14622200701767753 |
| Fields | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Environmental Science,Medicine |
| Open Access | false |
| OA Status | closed |
| OpenAlex ID | https://openalex.org/W2121558030 |
| PMID | 18188755 |
| Type | article |
| Year | 2008 |

## Paper authors

- [Pascale Salameh](https://scholariq.org/researchers/pascale-salameh/)

## Paper journal

- [Nicotine & Tobacco Research](https://scholariq.org/journals/nicotine-and-tobacco-research/)

## Paper primary topic

- [Smoking Behavior and Cessation](https://scholariq.org/topics/smoking-behavior-and-cessation/)

## Paper topics

- [Smoking Behavior and Cessation](https://scholariq.org/topics/smoking-behavior-and-cessation/)
- [Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study](https://scholariq.org/topics/nicotinic-acetylcholine-receptors-study/)
- [Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure](https://scholariq.org/topics/indoor-air-quality-and-microbial-exposure/)

---
Source: ScholarIQ — public research metadata, principally OpenAlex. See https://scholariq.org/sources/ for provenance and https://scholariq.org/methodology/ for what these figures mean.